In vitro evaluation refers to the process of studying biological processes or testing the effectiveness of substances using isolated cells, tissues, or organs in a controlled laboratory setting. This type of research allows scientists to investigate the effect of various drugs, chemicals, or treatments on biological systems without the need for animal or human subjects. In vitro evaluation is commonly used in drug discovery, toxicity testing, and disease modeling to help understand the mechanisms of action and potential side effects of experimental treatments. This approach provides valuable insights into the efficacy and safety of potential therapeutics before they are tested in clinical trials.